Limiting work-in-progress, or WIP, is a core principle of Kanban, and is a common recommendation to teams using Scrum or other frameworks as well. Yet the idea that working on less can lead you to get more done seems to defy common sense. Even those who understand the reasons for limiting WIP can struggle with resistance from team members or leaders when putting the theory to practice. This talk will review the concept of WIP and explore in depth the reasons for limiting WIP: enhancing focus, reducing cycle time, optimizing flow and making bottlenecks visible. We will give strategies for starting out with WIP limits and suggestions for what to do when a limit is reached. Attendees will also participate in a short simulation that will illustrate the concepts in practice, and that attendees can use on their own projects to help overcome skepticism of WIP limits in their organizations.

 
 

Outline/Structure of the Talk

Introductions + WIP concept (~6 min)

  • Introductions
  • Intro to WIP
  • Why consider WIP
  • Little’s law

More WIP Theory (~10 min)

  • WIP vs Utilization
  • Examples of high- and low-WIP systems
  • Idle teams, slack time
  • Setting WIP limits

-------------------------------------

Plane Game (~13 min)

  • Instructions
  • Practice round
  • Play (two rounds)
  • Collect metrics and debrief

-------------------------------------

Wrap-Up (~10 min)

  • Key points
  • Questions
  • Additional resources

Learning Outcome

Participants will learn what WIP is, its effect on systems (especially software teams), and how to work with WIP limits. Participants will also play an activity that illustrates the effect of WIP and that they can use to introduce the concepts to others.

Target Audience

Anyone new to, or curious about, Kanban; and anyone on a team that struggles to achieve a consistent flow of completed work

Prerequisites for Attendees

This talk is accessible to Agile practitioners at all levels, but is best for participants that have some experience with Agile and/or Scrum and are looking to take their team to the next level.

Slides


schedule Submitted 4 years ago

  • 10 Mins
    Lightning Talk
    Intermediate

    In this lightning talk, we explore the 5 attributes to look for in a ScrumMaster:

    • Knowledge - Deep knowledge in Agile and Scrum
    • Experience - Deep experience with Scrum teams and in Agile environments
    • Coaching - Deep understanding of Coaching concepts and techniques
    • Facilitation - Deep understanding of Facilitation concepts and techniques
    • Servant Leadership - Deep understanding and desire to enable success for the teams and the organization

    From there we look at the ScrumMaster's progression for removing impediments and addressing issues:

    • Did we talk about it in the Retrospective?
    • Did we discuss the impact?
    • Did we identify root causes?
    • Did we come up with solutions?
    • Have we tried the solutions?
    • What were the initial results?
    • What are next steps from here?

    We use the steps above to ensure:

    • Our teams are not making the same mistakes time time after time
    • Our teams are not having the same issues arise time and time again
    • Our teams are not stagnating but rather are getting better over time

    This session will arm session attendees with what to look for in a ScrumMaster and discuss how the SM uses the impediment progression to ensure we have a continuously improving team.

  • 45 Mins
    Workshop
    Intermediate

    In our follow-up session to last year’s Kanban in Action: Thoughtfully Observing Flow, we are excited to bring our newest installment of the series: Kanban in Action: Thoughtfully Creating and Discussing Flow.

    This session puts the attendee in the driver’s seat to create their own Kanban board configurations. We provide seven business scenario exercises and ask the attendees how they would go about configuring their Kanban board given the unique constraints of each scenario. Each team/table in the room will spend a few minutes discussing how they would configure their board using the provided flip charts, markers, and stickies. A debrief with the entire room follows as each team shares its concepts. The instructors will also share their own board configurations and ideas.

    These exercises will increase your understanding of Kanban systems, give you practice interpreting and creating board configurations, present multiple implementable ideas for any given scenario, and provide you with approaches for meaningful engagement. They are great for aspiring coaches, managers, and leaders who want to have more valuable conversations with their teams and improve Kanban implementations.

  • John Hughes
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    John Hughes - Agile FTW: Competitive Advantage and Happiness Through Business Agility

    45 Mins
    Talk
    Intermediate

    We all know the story of how the Agile ‘Software Development’ Manifesto emerged out of Snowbird in February of 2001. And we all know that Agile is still the current best practice for software development. What remains to be fully realized is that Agile has evolved to a best practice for business in general; a way of life for that matter.

    I had the privilege of bringing Agile into business over the last couple years. In that time, I introduced my executive leadership team to Business Agility. After getting executive participation in the inaugural Business Agility conference in Feb 2017, we partnered together to seek the benefits of a comprehensive Business Agility adoption.

    Using our corporation’s strategic planning and execution effort to exemplify, I will share with you how the Agile mindset and practices apply to business and drive the highest impact possible towards the most valuable goals and initiatives. Modern leadership and business practices such as those under the Business Agility umbrella bring a value-driven, data-driven, efficient focus on impactful delivery.

    • Revenue and growth accelerate as we focus the company’s resources on delivering in the most valuable way
    • Corporate processes lean out as we remove wasteful bottlenecks, saving money, time, and providing competitive advantage
    • Employees are more capable as corporate practices are more meaningful and less taxing
    • Back-office tools and data are integrated into a unified experience allowing real-time awareness and predictive analytics, increasing effective decision-making and enabling empowerment at lower levels
    • Employees are happier. Customers are happier. The corporate bottom-line reflects this happiness.

    I am enthusiastic about the spread of Agile beyond IT. And as such, I am excited to illustrate the brilliance of Business Agility to session participants, adding examples from my most recent corporate transformation effort to exemplify the mindset and practices presented. It is my interest that participants come away with an understanding of how Agile mindset and practices benefit the corporate back office as much as they do software delivery, and how their companies can begin to benefit too by applying what they learn from this presentation.

  • Julie Wyman
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    Julie Wyman / Wm. Hunter Tammaro - Breaking Up is Hard to Do: How to Split a Team (Without Breaking It)

    45 Mins
    Experience Report
    Beginner

    Struggling to fit your Agile team into one room for ceremonies? Daily stand-up meetings dragging on? Finding it harder to keep the whole team informed? It might be time to split into the three- to nine-person teams the Scrum Guide recommends for better communication, collaboration and decision making. But abruptly changing the team structure can disrupt the larger group's dynamic and culture, and by breaking existing lines of collaboration, hurt the sense of team and organizational unity that already exists. By sharing our experience working with a large team at a non-profit client, we will illustrate the challenges that can face an Agile transformation when a team already has a culture of collaboration worth preserving. The lessons learned from our story will highlight not just the principles for nurturing Agility in a team's culture, but also specific strategies we used to overcome challenges and ensure the journey was one all our teams could embark on together.

  • Julie Wyman
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    Julie Wyman - Responding to Change over Following a Plan: Agile Lessons from Antarctica

    Julie Wyman
    Julie Wyman
    Agile Coach
    Excella
    schedule 4 years ago
    Sold Out!
    10 Mins
    Lightning Talk
    Beginner

    I spent January in Antarctica hanging out with penguins, whales, and seals. It was about as different from my day-to-day work as can be. And yet, on my long flight home, I couldn’t help but reflect on how well my trip aligned with one specific value of the Agile Manifesto: “Responding to change over following a plan.”

    Antarctica is a place that truly drives home why we need both planning AND, even more importantly, the ability to respond to change. This trip helped me fully appreciate how true this value is - and not just in software development. And after being stuck in Antarctica six days longer than planned, it also built up my empathy for team members struggling with dynamic situations!

  • Lisa Cooney
    Lisa Cooney
    Principal Agile Coach
    Axios
    schedule 4 years ago
    Sold Out!
    45 Mins
    Workshop
    Intermediate

    Did you know that your brain tells you stories all day long, and that if they are good stories, you believe them? Come to this entertaining interactive session to experience some "cognitive illusions" for yourself, and learn what they demonstrate about how our brains' work. Cognitive science and behavioral psychology offer important insights for agilists, insights that can help us work more effectively with our co-workers and clients. You will learn how awareness of our brains' tendencies is a powerful tool to overcome our own innate cognitive bias, and the cognitive bias of others. This newfound awareness can open you to more varied perspectives in order to tell yourself a story that is both richer and more nuanced -- and closer to being "a true story."

  • Erin Randall
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    Erin Randall / Yogita dhond - Can Selflessness Lead to Collaboration?

    45 Mins
    Talk
    Intermediate

    Does your team have a "me first" mentality? Are people so focused on getting their own work done, their tickets closed and moved to the right, that they seldom look up to see what is happening with others? What about your division--do teams appear to be siloed, concerned about only themselves, not looking around to see how their work affects others? Let's change this!

    Collaboration is not just working together. We can achieve real collaboration, the type where we inspire one another, challenge the way we work through problems and tackle work, do the things that scare us by making selflessness a daily practice. By making questions of "What did you do to help another person or team?" or "What did someone do to that really made a difference in how you worked?" into our retrospectives and mindset, we can build selflessness into the very fabric of the team. By bringing selflessness to the forefront and making it a talked-about, key ingredient to how our teams function, we can go from wishing for more opportunities to work together to achieving true collaboration.

  • 45 Mins
    Workshop
    Beginner

    Ever struggled to define what is minimally necessary? Whether it is defining a Minimally Viable Product or what is minimally necessary for a project or team, you need a way to not only brainstorm ideas, but also a way to cut the unnecessary waste out.

    Pass to Perfection is a game for getting a solution, product, or project started with what is minimally necessary; in development terms, this is your Minimal Viable Product (MVP). It mashes up ‘Yes and’ thinking for co-creation, and the essence of The Perfection Game (from the Core Protocols) for negotiation and prioritization in a collaborative round-robin game format. Create ideas until you can’t think of anything else and you pass, remove ideas until you have what is essential and you pass. This workshop will have you try out the game and learn how easy it is to get people started.

  • Cheryl Chamberlain Duwe
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    Cheryl Chamberlain Duwe - A Holistic View of Agile and Quality: or, How I Survived My First Three ISO Audits

    Cheryl Chamberlain Duwe
    Cheryl Chamberlain Duwe
    Agile Coach
    Sevatec
    schedule 4 years ago
    Sold Out!
    45 Mins
    Experience Report
    Beginner

    Agile Quality Management (AQM) at Sevatec was born out of a need for the quality department to add value to our organization. Sevatec is a contractor to the Federal Government with specialties in Agile, DevSecOps, Cloud Solutions, Data Storage and Cyber Security. The hypothesis was that we could meet and exceed all of our industry standard quality objectives through adopting an agile mindset tied to modern leadership practices.

    Prior to the creation of the AQM office, Quality was driven by a single person behind a desk. There was no collaboration and the focus was on checking the box for the sake of maintaining quality designations. Data showed that there was little to no improvement as a result.

    Our new approach to quality derived from implementing business agility practices, with the belief that our ISO and CMMI requirements will be met and exceeded through the holistic application of agile principles. This provided an added value to the company, in that quality is baked in to every aspect rather than being led by someone sitting behind a desk churning out excessive documentation. Typically, discussions of quality in the agile environment are tied to code, but in our experiment, quality was embedded into all aspects of the organization, not just service delivery.

    Ultimately, our auditors spent more time asking us about our AQM approach than actually auditing us and were very impressed with the people, processes and tools we adopted. We believe that our holistic view of business agility will set us apart in the marketplace and drive our organization to its next level of excellent quality, in which all aspects of the business are operating in a lean, agile manner. Our focus on experimentation and continuous improvement lends itself to a fun, collaborative environment in which learning is expected, play is encouraged and quality is an outflow of our working culture.

  • Dane Weber
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    Dane Weber - Please Stop Modernizing!

    Dane Weber
    Dane Weber
    Lead Consultant
    Excella
    schedule 4 years ago
    Sold Out!
    10 Mins
    Lightning Talk
    Executive

    The federal government loves modernizing software systems and it isn't wrong: stale, decaying software leads to major headaches and eventual catastrophe. Modernization efforts, however, have big risks and big failures.

    There is an alternative: software renovation. That is improving, updating, and upgrading the software system one piece at a time while it continues to operate.

    Dane has participated deeply in three US government modernization projects. Each project followed a pattern of pitfalls, scary "go-live" transitions, and unpleasant trade-offs.

    Renovating legacy software is frequently a better option. The software system continues to gain functionality at the same time that its design and performance are improved.

  • Trent Hone
    Trent Hone
    Excella
    schedule 4 years ago
    Sold Out!
    45 Mins
    Talk
    Intermediate

    Agile at the team level fosters self-organization by leveraging constraints. Timeboxes, Work in Progress (WIP) Limits, and clear operational definitions are excellent examples of the kinds of constraints teams regularly employ to deliver reliably. Are you familiar and comfortable with these ideas, but uncertain how to apply them at larger scales? Are you looking for techniques that will allow you to harness the creativity of your teams to enable self-organization at scale? If so, this session is for you.

    I’m passionate about applying concepts from Complex Systems Theory (as developed by Dave Snowden, Alicia Juarrero, Bob Artigiani, etc.) to the work of software teams. My colleagues and I at Excella have been exploiting these ideas by using a variety of patterns borrowed from different theories and frameworks to allow our teams to grow like healthy plants in a garden. From Large-Scale Scrum (LeSS) we leverage the concepts of a single product backlog and a shared cadence. Kanban principles of visualizing the work and limiting WIP help align the teams and foster greater collaboration. Dave Snowden’s emphasis on Homo Narrans—the human as storyteller—has provided a framework for clarifying and promulgating common values, which are essential for decentralized decision-making. Collectively, these mental models created an environment that helped us scale one of our engagements from three teams to eight over the course of a single year.

  • Doguhan Uluca
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    Doguhan Uluca - Ship It or It Never Happened: The Power of Docker, Heroku & CircleCI

    45 Mins
    Talk
    Intermediate

    Shipping code is hard and it is rough! It doesn't have to be. Using Docker, Heroku and CircleCI you can set up a world-class Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment pipeline in an hour with advanced functionality like Heroku preview apps, provisioning servers on-demand for to scale and containers that leverage layering to enforce Enterprise requirements, while giving developers access, flexibility and speed to get their work done. With duluca/minimal-node-web-server docker image and how you can tailor it to build your micro-services or web servers in a matter of minutes using Docker and deploy your web app on the cloud.

  • Trent Hone
    Trent Hone
    Excella
    schedule 5 years ago
    Sold Out!
    45 Mins
    Case Study
    Beginner

    Customers weren’t satisfied! The process took too long! The end product didn’t perform to specifications! Does this sound familiar?

    A century ago, the U.S. Navy’s ship design process had serious problems, ones we would recognize and understand today. Come learn how these problems were solved in a large, real-world, organization through minor changes in structure and process. These changes illustrate the importance of:

    • Gathering early feedback
    • Rapidly iterating to expose unknowns
    • Using multi-disciplinary problem-solving
    • Employing Agile techniques outside of IT
  • Trent Hone
    Trent Hone
    Excella
    schedule 5 years ago
    Sold Out!
    45 Mins
    Talk
    Beginner

    Are you excited by the idea of Business Agility, but unsure how to create it? Learn new techniques by looking back. In the early 20th century, the U.S. Navy successfully leveraged Agile approaches to harness new technologies, encourage organizational learning, and develop a sustained pace of innovation, all key aspects of Business Agility. Find out how!

    I’ll describe what the Navy achieved, explain why it worked, and illustrate how similar approaches can be used today to create greater Agility in our businesses and organizations. Some specifics include:

    • Fostering innovation by the use of regular feedback.
    • Employing safe-to-fail experimentation.
    • Promoting evolvability through loose coupling and bounded autonomy.
    • Balancing exploration and exploitation to identify and harness new ideas.
  • Julie Wyman
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    Julie Wyman / Wm. Hunter Tammaro - Measuring Flow: Metrics That Matter

    45 Mins
    Talk
    Intermediate

    Does your Scrum team start all its stories on Day 1 of the Sprint? Do stories sometime carry over into the next Sprint? Or perhaps testing always gets crammed in on the last day of the Sprint? If any of these sound familiar, your team may benefit from improving its flow.

    Flow metrics are common with Kanban, but can provide tremendous value to any team, including those using Scrum. In this session, we’ll start by exploring the value of achieving a smooth flow of work (versus simply achieving maximum utilization) and give simple ways for your team to measure its flow. We’ll look at examples of metrics including lead and cycle time, throughput, and the cumulative flow diagram (CFD), reviewing what each represents, easy ways to collect them, and how they can be used in both a Kanban and Scrum context. You’ll leave the session knowing how to interpret and capture all these valuable metrics, so your agile team can measure and improve its flow.

  • Jaap Dekkinga,
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    Jaap Dekkinga, - Story point cost. How to calculate it and how to use it.

    Jaap Dekkinga,
    Jaap Dekkinga,
    Agile coach
    Excella
    schedule 5 years ago
    Sold Out!
    45 Mins
    Talk
    Intermediate

    Story point is an arbitrary relative measure used by Scrum/agile teams to define the effort required to implement a story or feature. This is a metric to measure the cost related to the implementation of story points. This metric is called Story Point Cost. It should allow to track development costs and also make the Scrum team aware about the budget issues of their project and for product owners to easier compare cost to gained value.

  • Mathias Eifert
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    Mathias Eifert - Iterative vs. Incremental – What’s the Difference and Why Should You Care?

    45 Mins
    Talk
    Beginner

    Agile is an incremental and iterative approach to delivering value to our customers. But too often we assume it’s really all about ways to slice work into smaller batch sizes and that both approaches are fundamentally equivalent. However, there is a crucial difference and this lack of awareness is a major contributor to projects and teams that are AINO (Agile In Name Only)!

    In this session, we will discuss how to differentiate between incremental and iterative approaches, their strengths and weaknesses, and why you really need both. We will explore the many ways in which iteration shapes the core of Agile practices, how it supports and enables the benefits of agility, and how understanding its awesome power is a key step in moving from “doing” Agile to truly being agile. In addition, we will take a close look at the practical implications of when to use each approach by discussing real world scenarios, highlighting common Agile anti-patterns and (re)examining familiar story slicing patterns.

    You will walk away with both a better understanding of one of the most important underlying principles of agility and immediately applicable insights for your daily work!

  • Brian Sjoberg
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    Brian Sjoberg - Want to Deliver Quicker with Higher Quality? Stop Starting, Start Finishing!

    Brian Sjoberg
    Brian Sjoberg
    Agile Coach
    Excella Consulting
    schedule 4 years ago
    Sold Out!
    45 Mins
    Workshop
    Beginner

    Are you struggling with delivering a potentially releasable working product every iteration? Ever wonder what one of biggest reasons we have difficulty getting things done at the individual, team and organizational level are? Do you keep doing something even though you know it reduces your productivity and lowers quality? We are going to run an exercise that highlights one of the major culprits that you have all experienced and probably continue to experience. The exercise will likely ignite a little (or big) fire in your belly that will help you become more productive and improve the quality of your work. From this, we will discuss ways to improve this at the individual, team and organization levels.

  • Paul Boos
    Paul Boos
    IT Executive Coach
    Excella
    schedule 4 years ago
    Sold Out!
    45 Mins
    Tutorial
    Intermediate

    Losing good people during your transformation? Getting more resistance than you expected? You may be producing unwanted reactions in the way you are leading your people through change.

    If you want your Agile transformation firing on all cylinders without the harmful side-effects, managers at all levels should focus on becoming Catalysts. Much like a chemical catalyst, your job is to help boost organizational performance by creating a healthy environment and providing the needed support.

    In this interactive presentation-tutorial, we’ll explore how you can do that through some simple techniques that anyone can do; extracted from Fearless Change and Liberating Structures. We'll relate these techniques to how trust works and give you some powerful ways to improve your organizational trust.

  • Colleen Esposito
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    Colleen Esposito - Simple Agile Design for YOUR Architecture

    Colleen Esposito
    Colleen Esposito
    Agile Coach
    Assurant
    schedule 4 years ago
    Sold Out!
    45 Mins
    Workshop
    Beginner

    Agile encourages us to eliminate activities that don’t add value and find the simplest solution possible to solve our business needs. For many teams, that can lead to a state where collaborative design no longer happens or is discussed on a whiteboard that gets erased after the conversation.

    How then, can you share the knowledge with team members who don’t work on that feature, or join the team after the feature is built? What about distributed teams, are they unable to have collaborative design because they don't have a whiteboard?

    I had those same questions in 2012, when Ron Garton of the Agile Coaching Network showed me a lightweight solution and we stopped creating traditional design documents. Ron provided me permission to bring that solution to the agile community through sessions like these.

    This solution helps everyone on the team understand what they will create or change in the current systems before it’s built, which can also be retained to increase the domain knowledge for that system later. Though the template itself can be helpful, like many agile tools, it’s the conversation that it starts that’s truly powerful.

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