Kenneth Brand
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Types of Referencing Styles - 2022
Referencing styles are like syntax that are utilized in academic writing, research, and document formatting. Numerous students question their teachers, what referencing style should I use to Write my essay References utilize general rules that give guidelines to the writer and the readers. Numerous styles can be utilized in formatting a document. Each style has its own set of rules, purpose, guidelines and is used in different fields of academic writing and research papers.
Examples of the popular referencing styles include MLA style, APA style, Chicago style, CSE style, Vancouver style, and Harvard referencing style. A referencing style is not limited to just in-text citations, out text citations, and bibliography. Furthermore, these styles also guide the structure of the paper including the cover page and formatting of the paper. Additionally, multiple journals have their own approved style of referencing that they follow and all the researchers wanting to publish their paper in the journal are advised to format their paper according to the guidelines of the journal.
MLA (Modern Language Association)
MLA referencing style is mostly utilized by essay writer, in academia, and most significantly in the department of humanities, literature, linguistics and can also be utilized in other disciplines. MLA style and APA style are similar in their intext citation but MLA utilizes page number at the end of every reference instead of mentioning year.
For Instance
- In text MLA citation (Brewer and Kerslake)
- MLA out-text citation (Brewer and Kerslake)
- MLA bibliography: Brewer, Gayle, and Jade Kerslake. ‘Cyberbullying, Self-Esteem, Empathy and Loneliness’. Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 48, Elsevier, 2015, pp. 255–60.
APA (American Psychological Association)
APA is one of the oldest styles of referencing that has been utilized since 1927. This style is widely used in academia and is utilized by psychologists, psychology-based papers, social sciences, Humanities and is also utilized by an essay writing service. Additionally, the APA style utilizes the authors' name and year of publication in the in-text citation.
For instance
- Intext APA citation : Brewer & Kerslake (2015)
- APA Out text citation : (Brewer & Kerslake, 2015)
- APA bibliography: Brewer, G., & Kerslake, J. (2015). Cyberbullying, self-esteem, empathy, and loneliness. Computers in Human Behavior, 48, 255–260.
CSE (Council of scientific editors)
CSE referencing style is mostly utilized in science-related academia and most significantly in the department of physics, computer science, microbiology, and other similar fields. In-text citation utilizes numbers that are assigned to each reference. The bibliography, intext, and out text citation is labeled by the same number and if the author is cited multiple times in the paper the same number is utilized.
For instance,
- In-text CSE first citation 1
- CSE first Out text citation 1
- CSE bibliography: 1. Brewer G, Kerslake J. Cyberbullying, self-esteem, empathy, and loneliness. Computers in human behavior. 2015; 48:255–260.
Chicago styles
Chicago referencing style is utilized most significantly in books, by the students in their research papers, and by non-academic audiences. In-text citation utilizes numbers that are assigned to each reference. The intext and out text citations are labeled by numbers and if the author is cited multiple times in the paper or essay a new number is allocated to cite the author. The bibliography in Chicago style is also mentioned in the footnotes on every page of the paper therefore, a separate page for bibliography can be avoided.
For Instance
- In-Text Chicago citation [1]
- Chicago Out text citation [2]
- Chicago bibliography: Brewer, Gayle, and Jade Kerslake. ‘Cyberbullying, Self-Esteem, Empathy and Loneliness’. Computers in Human Behavior 48 (2015): 255–60.
Harvard Style
Harvard style is very similar to APA style and is widely used in academic papers, social sciences, Humanities, science-related subjects, and by an essay writer online. Similar to APA style, Harvard style utilizes the authors' name and year of publication in the in-text citation.
For Instance
- In-text Harvard citation Brewer and Kerslake (2015)
- Harvard Out text citation (Brewer and Kerslake, 2015)
- Harvard bibliography: Brewer, G., Kerslake, J., 2015. Cyberbullying, self-esteem, empathy, and loneliness. Comput. Hum. Behav. 48, 255–260.
Vancouver Style
Vancouver referencing style is mostly utilized in the literature-related academia and social sciences field. Its in-text citation utilizes numbers written in brackets that are assigned to each reference. The bibliography, intext, and out text citation is labeled by the same number and if the author is cited multiple times in the paper the same number is utilized.
For Instance
- In-Text Vancouver citation (1)
- Vancouver Out text citation (1)
- Vancouver bibliography: 1. Brewer G, Kerslake J. Cyberbullying, self-esteem, empathy, and loneliness. Comput Hum Behav. 2015; 48:255–60.
Multiple other referencing styles can be used by students according to the requirement of the teachers. References utilize general rules that give guidelines to the writer and the readers. Each style has its own set of rules, purpose, guidelines and is used in different fields of academic writing and research papers. The purpose of selecting a particular referencing style is to aid in the strength of the document.
By following the above guidelines every student can become an effective essay writer, write structured research papers, and gain knowledge of referencing styles used by different journals. By following these guidelines a student can not only ACE his research paper or essay but can also increase and uncover job perspectives for students as well. Referencing becomes an easy task if you use a proper software or technique to reference all your sources but if you are facing difficulty in referencing and following the different referencing style then and you can seek help from a professional write essay for me service who specialize in every form of writing and referencing style to make your task much easier.
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